ADC Practice Question — BBFE First Aid & Risk Assessment

What is the significance of this result, and what…

Infection control in the ADC exam tests decision-making around exposure incidents, instrument classification, and decontamination protocols. This exam-level vignette tests your ability to work through clinical details and arrive at the correct management.

The source patient tests positive for hepatitis C antibodies. What is the significance of this result, and what options exist for the injured clinician?

A. PEP for hepatitis C involves the same antiretrovirals used for HIV
B. The risk of HCV transmission from this needlestick is approximately 3%.
C. Hepatitis C always resolves spontaneously
D. Hepatitis C is less serious than HIV

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Sources cited

Therapeutic Guidelines v4 Odell's 3rd & 4th Ed IADT 2020 Code of Conduct CMS (Evans) Infection Control + more

Show the answer and cited explanation

Correct answer: B

Hepatitis C poses a 3% per-exposure transmission risk — higher than HIV. The critical challenge is the absence of PEP or vaccine. However, early identification and treatment of acute HCV infection (within the first 6 months) can prevent progression to chronic carrier state. This makes follow-up testing essential. The consequences of untreated chronic HCV are severe: 75% become chronic carriers, and 20% of those develop cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, or liver failure. The prevalence of undiagnosed HCV in the general population is estimated at 4 per 1000.

Source: Odell 4th Ed, Case 31: Ouch (Sharps Injury)

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Exam preparation FAQ

How should I prepare for Infection Control in the ADC exam?

Build competence across all topics. The exam tests application of guidelines to clinical scenarios, not memorisation.

How do I approach an unfamiliar BBFE First Aid & Risk Assessment vignette?

Extract key clinical data from the stem before reading options. There are usually 3–4 critical variables that determine the correct answer.

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What is the significance of this result, and what…

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