What is the significance of this result, and what options exist for the injured clinician?
Infection control in the ADC exam tests decision-making around exposure incidents, instrument classification, and decontamination protocols. This exam-level vignette tests your ability to work through clinical details and arrive at the correct management.
The source patient tests positive for hepatitis C antibodies. What is the significance of this result, and what options exist for the injured clinician?
- A. PEP for hepatitis C involves the same antiretrovirals used for HIV
- B. The risk of HCV transmission from this needlestick is approximately 3%.
- C. Hepatitis C always resolves spontaneously
- D. Hepatitis C is less serious than HIV
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Show the answer and cited explanation
Hepatitis C poses a 3% per-exposure transmission risk — higher than HIV. The critical challenge is the absence of PEP or vaccine. However, early identification and treatment of acute HCV infection (within the first 6 months) can prevent progression to chronic carrier state. This makes follow-up testing essential. The consequences of untreated chronic HCV are severe: 75% become chronic carriers, and 20% of those develop cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, or liver failure. The prevalence of undiagnosed HCV in the general population is estimated at 4 per 1000.
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